Análise da produção científica e fomento dos bolsistas de produtividade do CNPQ em educação física no período de 2010-2020 / Analysis of scientific production and foment of grant holders of CNPQ in physical education in the period of 2010-2020 / Análisis de la producción científica y fomento de los becarios de productividad del CNPQ en educación física en el período 2010-2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as concessões de bolsas e a produção científica dos bolsistas de produtividade do CNPq, na área de Educação Física, no período de 2010-2020. A busca dos pesquisadores com bolsa de produtividade na área da Educação Física ocorreu na página eletrônica do CNPq. A contabilização dos dados registrados nos currículos dos bolsistas ocorreu com auxílio do software scriptLattes v8.10. Verificou-se que: a) a publicação de artigos se elevou no decorrer do período analisado; b) os artigos de estrato elevado no Qualis (A1, A2 e JCR) mantiveram um crescimento constante; c) a produção de itens não contabilizados pelos critérios de concessão de bolsa permaneceu estável; d) houve renovação parcial dos pesquisadores bolsistas de produtividade. Concluiu-se que os bolsistas de produtividade têm ampliado sua produção e fortalecendo suas métricas. No entanto, é necessária a constante revisão dos critérios de concessão a fim de minimizar o produtivismo acadêmico. (AU)

The study aims to analyze the concession of grants and the scientific production of grant holders of the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), in the Physical Education area, in the period of 2017-2020. The search for grant holders in the Physical Education area was obtained through the CNPq website. It accounted for the data of curriculum Lattes through software scriptLattes v8.10. We found that: a) the publication of papers increased during the analyzed period; b) high-level papers (A1, A2, and JCR) had steady growth; c) production of items not accounted for grant guidelines were static; d) there is partial renovation of grant holders. We concluded that grant holders have expanded their production and strengthened their metrics. However, it is necessary to constantly revise grant guidelines to minimize academic productivism. (AU)

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la concesión de bacas y la producción científica de los becarios de productividad del CNPq, en el campo de la Educación Física, en el período 2010-2020. La búsqueda de investigadores con beca de productividad en el área de Educación Física se realizó en el sitio web del CNPq. La contabilización de los datos registrados en los currículos de los becarios se realizó a través del software scriptLattes v8.10. Se encontró que: a) la publicación de artículos aumentó durante el periodo analizado; b) los artículos de alto nivel (A1, A2 y JCR) mantuvieron un crecimiento constante; c) la producción de elementos no contabilizados por los criterios de concesión de bacas se mantuvo estable; d) hay renovación parcial de los investigadores becarios de productividad. Se concluye que los becarios de productividad han ampliado su producción y fortalecido sus métricas. Sin embargo, es necesario revisar constantemente los criterios de concesión para minimizar el productivismo académico. (AU)

Becas para la formación de médicos especialistas académicos del Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile / Academic residents fellowship program at the University of Chile Clinical Hospital

The mission of the University of Chile Clinical Hospital is to be the main University Hospital in the country. Along with training of health professionals in clinical practice and research, the Hospital provides comprehensive health solutions to the community. Since its foundation, it played an important role in the training of health professionals and specialists. To fulfill this mission, it is important to have outstanding academics and a system that allows their renewal and replacement. From January 25, 2001, the University of Chile approved the regulations that rule the Residents Program Fellowship, aimed to train the new generations of clinical academics. These regulations allow the financing of training programs in basic or primary specialties (such as internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, among others) or in specialties derived from them (such as cardiology, gastroenterology and reproductive medicine, among others.) The different clinical departments and the Hospital Direction define each year how many places will be offered and in which specialties. The Faculty of Medicine Graduate School carries out the formal selection of the applicants. This article reviews the results of this program between 2013 and 2021, analyzing in detail the traceability of each graduate over the years.

Desempeño académico de fin de carrera en estudiantes de medicina ante un cambio de plan de estudios en Uruguay: graduación, rezago y becas / Academic performance at the end of the career in medical students during a curriculum change in Uruguay: on time and delayed graduation and scholarships / Desempenho acadêmico de final de curso dos estudantes de medicina diante de uma mudança no plano de estudos do Uruguai: graduação, defasagem e bolsas

La duración de la carrera de medicina en la Universidad de la República, Uruguay, se redujo un año al modificarse el plan de estudios. Estudiantes que cursaron el novel y el antiguo plan rindieron sincrónicamente un concurso previo a la práctica preprofesional en 2015, graduándose simultáneamente. Este trabajo indagó sobre las potenciales derivaciones de cursar uno u otro plan, como forma de obtener insumos para la evaluación del plan de estudios actual y de los programas de becas de apoyo estudiantil, a fin de proyectar estrategias de mejora. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo cuantitativo analizando el desempeño, la retención y el rezago estudiantil en relación con el plan cursado, atributos sociodemográficos y el usufructo de becas. Los graduados con rezago tuvieron peor desempeño al final de la carrera que los graduados en tiempo, independientemente del plan. El rezago se asoció al perfil sociodemográfico. El 23.7% de los graduados usufructuó alguna beca durante su carrera. Los becados presentaron niveles educativos parentales inferiores y procedieron en mayor proporción del interior del país que el total de graduados. Se concluye que: a) la desvinculación y el rezago académico tienen lugar en ambos planes; b) cursar con rezago se asocia a un peor desempeño en etapas finales de la carrera, vinculándose con el perfil sociodemográfico y no con cursar un plan de estudios u otro y c) las políticas institucionales de becas remedian parcialmente este hecho favoreciendo la retención y graduación.

At the Universidad de la República, Uruguay, the medical career duration was reduced as a consequence of a curriculum renovation. Students who attended the novice and the prior curriculum synchronously took a pre-practice contest in 2015, graduating simultaneously. This work investigated the potential derivations of taking the previous or the new curriculum and to obtain inputs for the evaluation of the current curriculum and student support scholarship programs in order to project improvement strategies. A quantitative retrospective study was carried out analyzing student performance, retention and delayed graduation in relation to the curriculum taken, sociodemographic attributes and the use of scholarships. Regardless of the curriculum, those with a delayed graduation showed lower results than those who graduated in time. Delayed graduation was associated with the sociodemographic profile. A 23.7% of the graduates used a scholarship at some point in their career. The scholarship recipients presented lower parental educational levels and came in a greater proportion from the interior of the country than the total number of graduates. It was concluded that: a) dropout and academic delay occur at both curriculums; b) obtaining a degree with a delay is associated with worse performance in the final career stages, being linked to the sociodemographic profile and not to taking one study plan or another and c) institutional scholarship policies partially solve baseline inequities, favoring retention and graduation.

A duração do curso de medicina da Universidade da República, Uruguai, foi reduzida em um ano como consequência da modificação do plano de estudos. Os alunos que pegaram o novato e o plano antigo de forma síncrona realizaram um concurso anterior a prática pré-profissional em 2015, graduando-se simultaneamente. Este trabalho investigou as possíveis derivações da adoção de um ou outro plano, como forma de obter informaçoes para a avaliação do atual plano de estudos e programas de bolsas de apoio ao estudante, a fim de projetar estratégias de melhoria. Realizou-se um estudo quantitativo retrospectivo analisando desempenho, retenção e defasagem dos alunos em relação ao plano realizado, atributos sociodemográficos e utilização de bolsas. Os graduados com defasagem alcançaram resultados significativamente mais baixos do que os graduados no prazo, independentemente do plano. A defasagem foi associada ao perfil sociodemográfico. Vinte e três por cento dos egressos utilizaram bolsa durante a curso. Os bolsistas apresentavam pais com menor nível educativo e vinham em maior proporção do interior do país do que o total de diplomados. Conclui-se que: a) o desistência e a defasagem acadêmica ocorrem em ambos os planos; b) a defasagem está associado a um pior desempenho nas fases finais da curso, estando vinculado ao perfil sociodemográfico e não à realização de um ou outro plano de estudos e ao perfil sociodemográfico e não de um ou outro plano de estudos e c) as políticas institucionais de bolsas sanam parcialmente este fato, favorecendo a retenção e a graduação.

Dr. C. Alberto Juan Dorta Contreras: heraldo de la ciencia abierta y la neuroinmunología en Cuba / Dr. Alberto Juan Dorta Contreras: herald of open science and neuroimmunology in Cuba

RESUMEN Esta Semblanza resume la trayectoria del Dr. Alberto Juan Dorta Contreras, eminente científico, quien dedicara su vida a la Neuroinmunología y difusión de los principios de Ciencia Abierta en Cuba. Su labor profesional se centró principalmente en la investigación básica y clínica, sobre todo, de la Inmunología con énfasis en la repercusión de las enfermedades infecciosas y el papel del sistema del complemento en el Sistema Nervioso Central. Importante ha sido, además, su función como docente en pregrado y posgrado a través de las Becas Quincke, un espacio creado por el Dr. Dorta para acercarse al mundo de la experimentación. Se desempeñó en los últimos años como director de la Revista Cubana de Investigaciones Biomédicas, la que impulsó a categorías superiores con su esfuerzo y rigor de trabajo, con lo que llegó a ocupar en este momento el primer lugar de las revistas cubanas según el ranking de Scimago. Su vida, obra y destacada trayectoria hacen que el Dr. Dorta Contreras sea un ejemplo de sacrificio, consagración, valor, honestidad, sencillez, altruismo y entrega a la ciencia y la humanidad. Por tales razones, el objetivo de esta Semblanza es destacar los aspectos más relevantes de su obra como científico y docente, apoyados en testimonios, búsqueda en bases de datos, entrevistas a estudiantes y colegas de trabajo para resumir la prolífera vida laboral del Dr.C Alberto Juan Dorta Contreras.

ABSTRACT This Semblance summarizes the career of Dr. Alberto Juan Dorta Contreras, an eminent scientist who dedicated his life to Neuroimmunology and the dissemination of open science principles in Cuba. His professional work was mainly focused on basic and clinical research, especially Immunology, with an emphasis on the impact of infectious diseases and the role of the complement system in the Central Nervous System. Also important has been his role as an undergraduate and graduate teacher in the Quincke Scholarships, a space created by Dr. Dorta to get closer to the world of experimentation. In recent years, he served as director of the Cuban Journal of Biomedical Research, which he promoted to higher categories with the effort and rigor of his work, currently occupying the first place among Cuban journals according to the Scimago ranking. His life, work and outstanding career make Dr. Dorta Contreras an example of sacrifice, dedication, value, honesty, simplicity, altruism and dedication to science and humanity. For these reasons, the objective of this article is to highlight the most relevant aspects of his work as a scientist and teacher, supported by testimonies, database searches, interviews with students and work colleagues to summarize the prolific working life of Dr C. Alberto Juan Dorta Contreras.

Food insecurity and financial aid among university students: pre-Covid-19 scenario of a public university in southeastern Brazil / Insegurança alimentar de estudantes universitários e permanência estudantil: cenário pré-Covid-19 em uma universidade pública no sudeste do Brasil

ABSTRACT: Objective: To estimate the prevalence of food insecurity among beneficiary and non-beneficiary university students of financial aid and associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study, with a probabilistic sample of 100 university students, was conducted at a federal university located on the coastal city of São Paulo in southeastern Brazil. The data made it possible to address sociodemographic aspects, food security and food quality markers. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, Fisher's exact association test and Mann-Whitney comparisons of means were used to investigate the prevalence of food insecurity between groups and associations with covariables at 5%. Results: The results revealed significant differences between groups. Receiving financial aid was associated with more vulnerability to facing food insecurity: 94% have some level of food insecurity (p=0.001); non-white skin color (p=0.019); overseeing one's own income (p=0.001); the amount of money available to stay at the university (p=0.030). According to food quality markers, both groups often consumed ultra-processed foods (unhealthy quality marker). In contrast, most (92.3%) were concerned with consuming healthy foods. Conclusion: The pre-Covid-19 scenario reveals that despite receiving financial aid, a large part of students faced food insecurity in the three months prior to the study. Therefore, food insecurity should be recognized as a public health concern among university students, and adequate resources should be made available to avoid the occurrence of dropouts and assist in breaking the intergenerational cycle of social exclusion and the human right to food.

RESUMO: Objetivo : Estimar a prevalência de Insegurança Alimentar entre estudantes universitários que recebem ou não Auxílio Permanência Estudantil e fatores associados. Métodos: Estudo transversal exploratório, conduzido com amostra probabilística de 100 estudantes de uma universidade federal brasileira, situada no litoral paulista, na região sudeste do Brasil. Os dados coletados permitiram abordar aspectos sociodemográficos, de segurança alimentar e marcadores de qualidade alimentar. Conduziu-se análises descritivas, teste de associação Exato de Fisher e comparação de médias Mann-Whitney, para descrever a prevalência de insegurança alimentar entre bolsistas e não bolsistas e fatores associados a 5%. Resultados: Os resultados mostram que o grupo de estudantes bolsistas é mais vulnerável e significativamente associado ao enfrentamento da insegurança alimentar - 94% dos bolsistas em algum nível de insegurança alimentar (p=0.001), à não ser branco (p=0.019), ao grau de escolaridade dos pais (p=0.001), a ser o principal responsável pela própria renda (p=0.001) e ao valor disponível para se manter na universidade (p=0.030). Ambos os grupos consomem alimentos ultraprocessados com frequência, por outro lado, a maioria deles (92,3%) se preocupa em consumir alimentos saudáveis. Conclusão: O cenário pré Covid-19, revela que mesmo recebendo o auxílio, a maioria dos universitários enfrentou insegurança alimentar nos 3 meses anteriores à pesquisa. Portanto, a insegurança alimentar deve ser reconhecida como um problema de saúde pública entre universitários, ganhar espaço na agenda pública brasileira e recursos suficientes para evitar a ocorrência da evasão escolar, promovendo a quebra do ciclo intergeracional de exclusão social e o direito humano à alimentação.

Análisis del impacto de becas otorgadas por la Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría en los últimos 20 años (1995-2015) / Assessment of the impact of grants awarded by the Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría during the last 20 years (1995-2015)

La Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría otorga becas a pediatras jóvenes con el objetivo de perfeccionar el desempeño e incentivar la investigación.Objetivos. Describir las características de las becas otorgadas y evaluar la proporción de proyectos publicados y de becarios de perfeccionamiento que permanecieron en áreas relacionadas con su beca. Material y método. Estudio descriptivo. La Subcomisión de Becas y Premios elaboró una encuesta, que fue enviada por correo electrónico a los becarios en forma individual. Resultados. Se otorgaron 59 becas de investigación (1995-2015). Respondieron la encuesta 47 becarios. Alcanzaron la publicación 14 proyectos. Haber realizado la beca en un hospital pediátrico se asoció a publicación odds ratio 13,8 (1,6-118), p = 0,01. Se otorgaron 132 becas de perfeccionamiento (2005-2015). Respondieron la encuesta 84 becarios. El 85 % continuaba trabajando en la misma área de su beca.

The Argentine Society of Pediatrics awards grants to young pediatricians, aimed at improving performance and encouraging research. Purpose. To describe the details of grants awarded; to analyze the proportion of projects that were published and of grantees that remained in areas related to their grant.Material and method. Descriptive study, through a self-administered survey.Results. 59 research grants were awarded (1995-2015). The survey was answered by 47 grantees; 14 projects reached publication. Having completed the research at a Pediatric Hospital was associated with publication odds ratio 13,8 (1,6-118), p = 0,01; 132 educational improvement grants were awarded (2005-2015). The survey was answered by 84 grantees. The 85 % continue working in the same area of their grant

The Academic Performance of Scholarship Students during Medical School / Desempenho Acadêmico de Estudantes Bolsistas durante o Curso de Medicina

ABSTRACT The inclusion, adherence and success of low-income undergraduates are important goals in Brazilian higher education, as well as in other parts of the world, especially in busy and full-time courses such as medicine. This paper analyzes the performance of undergraduate medical students by comparing two groups: those who applied for and received a scholarship during the academic years (scholarship holders) and the others (without scholarship). We analyzed data from 417 medical students who graduated between 2010 and 2013, corresponding to four years of a retrospective cohort at a free public university in Brazil. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test, Student's t test, Mann-Whitney test, and linear regression to compare the scores of these groups in the sixth and twelfth semesters (middle and final semesters) and in the admission exam for medical residency programs, consisting of: total score, multiple choice test for knowledge assessment, simulated structured clinical assessment, interview and written questions. The independent variable was to receive a scholarship, while the control variables were age, socioeconomic strata, extra gratuities for high school in public institution and self-declaration of race, score in the vestibular entry exam (general and in each area assessed) and parents' level of education. A total of 243 students (58.2%) received a scholarship, most of them as a scientific initiation grant (217 or 89.3%), while 10.7% received social assistance, the average income per capita was about 16% lower among students who received a scholarship (p = 0.01) compared to those who did not. Scholarship recipients achieved better academic performance in the sixth (p<0.01) and in the twelfth (p<0.01) semester, but not in admission to medical residency programs. Good performance was independent of age, race, receipt of bonuses for admission to medical school, and educational background of their parents. Therefore, we conclude that receiving a scholarship at the undergraduate level was associated tobetter student performance during the undergraduate medical course. It is important to emphasize the importance of reinforcing similar programs, especially to help support students who are most vulnerable socioeconomically.

RESUMO A inclusão, a adesão e o sucesso de estudantes de baixa renda na graduação são metas importantes no ensino superior brasileiro, assim como em outras partes do mundo, principalmente em cursos concorridos e em tempo integral, como o de Medicina. Este manuscrito analisa o desempenho de estudantes de graduação em Medicina, comparando dois grupos: os que se candidataram e receberam uma bolsa de estudos durante os anos acadêmicos (bolsistas) e os demais (sem bolsa). Analisamos dados de 417 estudantes de Medicina que se formaram entre 2010 e 2013, correspondendo a quatro anos de uma coorte retrospectiva, numa universidade pública gratuita no Brasil. A análise estatística foi realizada pelo teste exato de Fisher, o teste t de Student, o de Mann-Whitney e a regressão linear para comparar os escores desses grupos no sexto e décimo segundo semestres (meio e último semestres) e no exame de admissão para programas de residência médica, compostos por: escore total, teste de múltipla escolha para avaliação do conhecimento, avaliação clínica estruturada simulada, entrevista e perguntas escritas. A variável independente foi receber uma bolsa de estudos, enquanto as variáveis de controle foram idade, estratos socioeconômicos, gratificações extras para o ensino médio em instituição pública e autodeclaração de raça, pontuação no vestibular (geral e em cada área avaliada) e escolaridade dos pais. Um total de 243 alunos (58,2%) receberam uma bolsa de estudos, a maioria como bolsa de iniciação científica (217 ou 89,3%), enquanto 10,7% a receberam por assistência social. A renda média per capita foi cerca de 16% menor entre os bolsistas (p = 0,01) em comparação com aqueles que não receberam bolsa. Os estudantes bolsistas obtiveram melhor desempenho acadêmico no sexto (p<0,01) e no décimo segundo (p<0,01) semestres, mas não na admissão em programas de residência médica. O bom desempenho foi independentede idade,raça, recebimento de bônus à admissão na escola médica e formação educacional dos pais. Portanto, concluímos que receber uma bolsa na graduação foi associadoa melhor desempenho dos alunos durante o curso de graduação em Medicina. Enfatizamos a importância de reforçar programas semelhantes, especialmente para ajudar a apoiar os alunos mais vulneráveis socioeconomicamente.

Gastrointestinal Fellowship Education in Korea / 대한소화기학회지

Since the residency training program in internal medicine changed from a four-year to a three-year program in 2017 in Korea, issues of an optimal training program for the gastrointestinal (GI) fellowship has arisen. Currently, the evaluation criteria for a GI fellowship in Korea include the following; 1) the total number of assigned patients during the training period, 2) the number of GI endoscopy procedures, 3) attendance at academic conferences, and 4) research presentations. However, competency-based training should be introduced in the GI fellowship training program. The current issues of GI fellowship training in Korea include the following; 1) reorganization of the GI fellowship education system and consideration of an optimal training period following the introduction of the three-year internal medicine residency training program, 2) development of a standardized, competency-based GI fellowship training program, 3) provision of a support program for instructors in GI fellowship education, 4) introduction of a mentor-mentee system, 5) introduction of an accreditation system for GI fellowship, 6) supplementation of a GI sub-specialty qualification system, and 7) provision of benefits to GI sub-specialists.

Vivências de estagiários no conselho regional de enfermagem de alagoas: relato de experiência / Living of trainees in the regional nursing council of alagoas: experience report

Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever vivências de estagiários no Conselho Regional de Enfermagem de Alagoas. Consiste no relato de experiência de acadêmicos de enfermagem sobre o estágio extracurricular desenvolvido junto Conselho Regional de Enfermagem de Alagoas. Evidenciou-se que durante o estágio vivencial, os alunos puderam ampliar seus conhecimentos voltados às atribuições da entidade de classe, bem como a legislação do ramo profissional no âmbito do Sistema Conselho Federal e Conselho Regional de Enfermagem, uma temática ainda considerada como pouco explorada na academia. Conclui-se que o processo de vivência do acadêmico de enfermagem contribui para o desenvolvimento pessoal e profissional, ampliando seus conhecimentos quanto às competências e diferenças das atribuições inerentes as entidades de classe e legislação do exercício profissional, favorecendo a qualificação desse futuro profissional

This study aims to describe experiences of trainees in the Regional Nursing Council of Alagoas. It consists of the report of experience of nursing academics on the extracurricular internship developed with the Regional Nursing Council of Alagoas. It was evidenced that during the experiential stage, the students were able to expand their knowledge regarding the attributions of the class entity, as well as the legislation of the professional branch within the scope of the Federal Council System and Regional Nursing Council, a theme still considered as little explored in the Academy. It is concluded that the experience of nursing students contributes to personal and professional development, increasing their knowledge of the competencies and differences inherent in the class entities and professional practice legislation, favoring the qualification of this future professional.

Este estudio tiene como objetivo describir vivencias de pasantes en el Consejo Regional de Enfermería de Alagoas. Consiste en el relato de experiencia de académicos de enfermería sobre el estadio extracurricular desarrollado junto al Consejo Regional de Enfermería de Alagoas. Se evidenció que durante el estadio vivencial, los alumnos pudieron ampliar sus conocimientos orientados a las atribuciones de la entidad de clase, así como la legislación del ramo profesional en el ámbito del Sistema Consejo Federal y Consejo Regional de Enfermería, una temática todavía considerada como poco explotada gimnasio. Se concluye que el proceso de vivencia del académico de enfermería, contribuye al desarrollo personal y profesional, ampliando sus conocimientos en cuanto a las competencias y diferencias de las atribuciones inherentes a las entidades de clase y legislación del ejercicio profesional, favoreciendo la calificación de este futuro profesional.

Brazilian Scientific Mobility Program - Science without Borders - Preliminary Results and Perspectives

ABSTRACT The Brazilian Scientific Mobility Program - Science without Borders (SwB) - saw the concession of over 101 thousand scholarships for Brazilian STEM students and education professionals to attend universities worldwide. As the first phase of this program ends, it is time to take a first look at its impacts, mainly on the undergraduate student body (79% of total scholarships implemented). Benefits included a 6-month language course (optional), a one year undergraduate course and optional 2 month internship in a university, government laboratory or technology company. Positive impacts have been seen on entrance into post-graduate programs (>20% of SwB students compared to <5% of the overall student body of similar fields), as well as high representation of lower income families (>50% from families with less than 6 minimum wages per month). The impact of the program will need to be evaluated over the next years, but innovation on the part of the students is already apparent. Any new SwB program needs to take into account the lessons learned from this first experience and therefore recommendations are presented.

Practice and reflection of objective assessment of subjective indexes in medical graduate scholarship evaluation / 中华医学教育探索杂志

In the evaluation of medical postgraduate scholarship, objective method is adopted to evaluate subjective indicators. According to the specific practices for experts and the views of students to establish a set of subjective and objective indicators combined with the evaluation index system, objective indicators including research ability, academic achievement, various school activities, subjective indicators such as ethics, communication and coordination ability, innovation ability etc. To evaluate the subjective index according to the analysis, the inherent requirements of subjective index application case scenario simulation and peer evaluation and other objective methods, we aim to eliminate the scholarship evaluation process of subjective indicators "passing" or "useless" phenomenon, more fair and equitable selection of truly outstanding students.

Hand Surgery Fellowship Selection Criteria: A National Fellowship Director Survey

BACKGROUND: Candidate characteristics for hand surgery fellowship training remains unknown, as very little data is available in the literature. This study aims to provide information on the criteria that are employed to select candidates for the hand surgery fellowship match. METHODS: A 38-question survey was sent in April 2015 to all Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education recognized hand surgery fellowship program directors (n=81) involved in the U.S. match. The survey investigated factors used for the selection of applicants, including medical school, residency training, research experience, fellowship interview, and candidate characteristics. A 5-point Likert scale was used to grade 33 factors from “not at all important” (1) to “essential in making my decision” (5); or for five controversial factors from “very negative impact” (1) to “very positive impact in making my decision” (5). RESULTS: A total of 52% (42 out of 81) of responses were received from hand surgery fellowship program directors. The most important influential factors were interactions with faculty during interview and visit (4.6±0.6), interpersonal skills (4.6±0.5), overall interview performance in the selection process (4.6±0.6), professionalism and ethics (4.6±0.7), and letters of recommendation from hand surgeons (4.5±0.7). Factors that have a negative impact on the selection process include visa requirement (2.1±1.2), graduate of non-plastic surgery residency program (2.4±1.3), and graduate of a foreign medical school (2.4±1.1). CONCLUSIONS: This study provides data on hand surgery fellowship directors' perception on the criteria important for fellowship applicant selection, and showed that interview-related criteria and letters of recommendation are the important factors.

Hand Surgery Fellowship Selection Criteria: A National Fellowship Director Survey

BACKGROUND: Candidate characteristics for hand surgery fellowship training remains unknown, as very little data is available in the literature. This study aims to provide information on the criteria that are employed to select candidates for the hand surgery fellowship match. METHODS: A 38-question survey was sent in April 2015 to all Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education recognized hand surgery fellowship program directors (n=81) involved in the U.S. match. The survey investigated factors used for the selection of applicants, including medical school, residency training, research experience, fellowship interview, and candidate characteristics. A 5-point Likert scale was used to grade 33 factors from “not at all important” (1) to “essential in making my decision” (5); or for five controversial factors from “very negative impact” (1) to “very positive impact in making my decision” (5). RESULTS: A total of 52% (42 out of 81) of responses were received from hand surgery fellowship program directors. The most important influential factors were interactions with faculty during interview and visit (4.6±0.6), interpersonal skills (4.6±0.5), overall interview performance in the selection process (4.6±0.6), professionalism and ethics (4.6±0.7), and letters of recommendation from hand surgeons (4.5±0.7). Factors that have a negative impact on the selection process include visa requirement (2.1±1.2), graduate of non-plastic surgery residency program (2.4±1.3), and graduate of a foreign medical school (2.4±1.1). CONCLUSIONS: This study provides data on hand surgery fellowship directors' perception on the criteria important for fellowship applicant selection, and showed that interview-related criteria and letters of recommendation are the important factors.

Becas internacionales de estudio en Odontología

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue analizar el número y valorar el tipo de becas al que tienen acceso los estudiantes costarricenses de Odontología de grado y posgrado, por parte de embajadas y consulados con representación en Costa Rica en el 2015. Los resultados determinaron que existe un gran número de becas a las cuales los alumnos y odontólogos pueden optar para iniciar o continuar sus estudios en el extranjero.

The objective of this research was to analyze the number and assess the type of scholarships that graduate and postgraduate Costa Rican students of dentistry have access from embassies and consulates with representation in Costa Rica in 2015. The results determined the existence of a great number of scholarships which students and dentists can apply to begin or continue their studies abroad.

Perfil de postulantes a las becas de investigación en salud pública 2016 / Aplicants profile´s for scholarships public health research 2016

Con el objetivo de promover la investigación en salud en todo el país, se realizó en 2015 la décimocuarta convocatoria a becas de investigación financiadas por el Ministerio de Salud de la Nación a través de la Comisión Nacional Salud Investiga. Se recibieron 251 postulaciones para becas individuales y 63 para Estudios Multicéntricos que abarcaron a otras 370 postulaciones. En esta sección se describen las principales características del las mismas.

Estímulos económicos, exigencias de trabajo y salud en académicos universitarios mexicanos / Economic stimulus, work requirements and health in Mexican university faculty

Establecer la asociación entre las principales exigencias de trabajo y los daños a la salud en académicos que tienen la opción de participar en los programas de estímulos económicos. Estudio transversal y observacional, participaron 192 académicos universitarios con base en un muestreo aleatorio estratificado. Se recabaron datos sociodemográficos, exigencias laborales, perfil de daños a la salud e implicaciones derivadas de la participación en los programas de becas. Se utilizó el JMP8 y se controlaron variables confusoras (edad, género y antigüedad) estableciendo un nivel de significancia de p<0.05. El 64% cuenta con algún tipo de estímulo económico. El perfil de daños a la salud se caracterizó por trastornos músculo-esqueléticos (42%). Las exigencias de trabajo más representativas fueron: laborar en días de descanso (86%), cubrir una cuota de trabajo (80%) y sobrecarga de trabajo (60%); éstas se asociaron significativamente con: lumbalgia, músculo-esqueléticos, túnel del carpo y disfonía. Prevalecen tasas elevadas de trastornos músculo-esqueléticos, lumbalgia y disfonía, entre 3 y 4 de cada 10 trabajadores. Las exigencias laborales para poder concursar en los estímulos económicos se asociaron más significativamente con los daños a la salud, que los propios estímulos como tal. Es necesario visibilizar estos resultados para prevenirlos y atenderlos en materia de salud de los trabajadores.

To examine the association between the main job demands and adverse health effects among Mexican university faculty who have the option of participating in economic stimulus programs. Cross-sectional, observational study, involving a stratified random sample of 192 university academics. Data were collected on sociodemographics, job demands, adverse health profile implications arising from participation in economic incentive programs. The JMP8 was used and the analysis controlled for confounding variables (age, gender and age); statistical significance level was set at p < 0.05. Sixty-four percent of respondents indicated being eligible for some type of economic stimulus. The adverse health profile was characterized by musculoskeletal disorders (42%). The most representative job demands were working on days off (86%), covering for others (80%) and increased workload (60%). These factors were significantly associated with low back pain, musculoskeletal, carpal tunnel syndrome and dysphonia. The prevailing high rates of musculoskeletal disorders, back pain and dysphonia, affected between 3 and 4 out of 10 workers. Job demands required to participate in the economic stimulus were more significantly associated with adverse health than the economic incentives themselves.

Scholarships for Scientific Initiation Encourage Post-Graduation Degree

This study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with the decision to attend an academic post-graduation program by dental students. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2012, last-year undergraduate students from Dental Schools of Southern Brazil. A closed questionnaire was applied including questions grouped in three different blocks: pre-graduate, undergraduate period and future perspectives. The outcome was the decision to pursuit an academic post-graduation degree. Associations were tested using chi-squared test and chi-squared test for linear trends when appropriate. Multivariate Poisson regression was also performed. The sample was composed by 671 students (response rate of 69.9%, n=467). In relation to future perspectives, 68% of the interviewed students intended to attend a post-graduation program, but only 17.5% would choose a program with academic and research post-graduation program (Master and PhD programs). In the final model, students from public universities (PR 2.08, 95%CI 1.41-3.08) and students that received scientific initiation scholarship (PR 1.93 95%CI 1.14-3.27) presented a twice greater prevalence to seek academic post-graduate programs. Students with higher family incomes showed a lower prevalence to seek these programs (PR 0.50, 95%IC 0.28-0.90). Scholarships seem to encourage undergraduate students to pursue stricto sensu post-graduation.

Este estudo objetivou avaliar os fatores associados com a decisão de estudantes de Odontologia em participar de um programa de pósgraduação acadêmica. Um estudo transversal foi conduzido em 2012, com estudantes do último ano do curso de Odontologia do Sul do Brasil. Foi aplicado um questionário fechado composto por três diferentes blocos: período prévio à graduação, período da graduação e perspectivas futuras. O desfecho deste trabalho foi definido como a decisão de buscar uma pós-graduação acadêmica. As associações foram testadas com o teste de Qui-quadrado e de Qui-quadrado de tendência linear, quando apropriado. Além disso, foi feita a regressão multivariada de Poisson. A amostra foi composta por 671 estudantes (taxa de resposta de 69,9%, n=467). Em relação às perspectivas futuras, 68% dos estudantes entrevistados pretendem ingressar em um curso de pós-graduação, mas somente 17,5% escolheriam um programa com pós-graduação acadêmica e pesquisa (Programas de Mestrado e Doutorado). No modelo final, estudantes de universidades públicas (RP 2,08, 95% CI 1,41-3,08) e estudantes que receberam bolsa de iniciação científica (RP 1,93 95% CI 1,14-3,27) apresentaram prevalência duas vezes maior na busca de pós-graduação acadêmica. Estudantes de famílias com renda alta mostraram menor prevalência na busca destes cursos (RP 0,50, 95%IC 0,28-0,90). Desta forma, bolsas parecem incentivar os alunos de graduação na busca por pós-graduação stricto sensu.

Evaluación y control de un brote epidémico de hepatitis viral en escolares guineanos: Eficacia de heberbiovac HB

Se estudiaron 448 muestras serológicas con el propósito de conocer la etiología de un brote de hepatitis aguda entre jóvenes guineanos que estudiaban en Cuba. Se determinaron los anticuerpos de clase IgM contra el virus de la hepatitis A (anti-VHA IgM), los anticuerpos contra la proteína central del virus de la hepatitis C (anti-VHC), el antígeno de superficie del virus de la hepatitis B (AgsHB) y su anticuerpo (anti-AgsHB) y los anticuerpos dirigidos contra el virus de la hepatitis Delta (anti-VHD). Se encontró positividad para el AgsHB en 124 sueros (27,67 %). A 86 sueros AgsHB positivos se les determinó la presencia del antígeno asociado con la replicación viral en la infección por virus B (AgsHB) y la detección de los anticuerpos totales (IgG e IgM) contra la proteína central del virus de la hepatitis B (anti-AgcHB total) se hizo en 50 de esas muestras. Los estudiantes que no tuvieron marcadores de infección por el virus B se vacunaron con la vacuna cubana antihepatitis B, con el empleo de 3 dosis de 20 mg mediante un esquema de 30 d interdosis. No se encontraron positivos el anti-VHA IgM ni el anti-VHC. La cuantificación del AgsHB permitió clasificar como agudos con buen pronóstico a 3 de los 14 jóvenes que presentaron síntomas de hepatitis y como crónicos a los 121 restantes. De los sueros de 3 fallecidos con un cuadro de hepatitis fulminante, 2 fueron AgsHB positivos y 1 anti-AgsHB positivo, y el tiempo de vida media estimado para el antígeno fue de 48 h, a diferencia del obtenido para los agudos con buena evolución, que resultó de 7 d aproximadamente; mientras que en los crónicos fue como promedio de 60 d. En los reservorios crónicos se detectó una elevada antigenemia (59 % con cifras de AgsHB entre 10 y 100 mg/mL) en asociación con la presencia del AgeHB, que fue positivo en 31 % de los sueros B. Se encontraron anticuerpos anti-VHD en 15 % de los sueros AgsHB positivos analizados, con 66 % en los fallecidos. La cuantificación ...

Four hundred and forty eight serological samples were analyzed to find out the etiology of an acute hepatitis ourbreak among Guinean students who studied in Cuba. IgM antibodies to hepatitis A(anti-HAV IgM), antibodies to main protein of hepatitis C virus (antiHCV), hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) and its antibody (anti-HbsAg) and antibodies to hepatitis Delta (anti-HDV) were all determined. One hundred and twenty four sera (27.67%) were found to be positive to HbsAg. The presence of antigen linked to viral replication in virus B infection (HbsAg) was determined in 86 HbsAg positive sera whereas total antibodies (IgG and IgM) to central hepatitis B virus protein (total anti HbcAG) was detected in 50 of these samples. Those students who did not have virus B infection markers were immunized with Cuban anti-hepatitis B vaccine using three 20mg doses through a schedule of 30 d interdosage. There was positivity neither to anti-HAV IgM nor tp anti-HCV. The quantification of HbsAg allows to classify 3 of the 14 students showing hepatitis symptoms as acute hepatic patients with good prognosis and the remaining 121 young people as chronic patients. Of the sera of 3 deceased peoplle from fulminant hepatitis, 2 were HbsAg positive and 1 anti-HbsAg positive and the average lifetime estimated for the antigen was 48h in these cases whereas the average antigen lifetime for those acute patients with good evolution was nearly 7d and that of the chronic was 60 days. In chronic hosts, high antigenemia was detected (59%, with HbsAg from 10 to 100 mg/mL) associated with HbcAg positive in 31% of sera B. Anti-HDV antibodies were found in 15% of HbsAg positive sera and in 66% of the dead people. The quantification of HbsAg allowed to establish predictive classification criteria of the infested people. The relationship of the presence of HbsAg in chronic hosts with hih levels of HbsAg showed the value of the quantification of surface antigen as an indirect ...